简单句五种基本句型
句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型:
3、例句:Jim is working [very hard] [now].(他现在正非常努力地工作。)
She is young. (她年轻。)
It looks like rain. (天看上去要下雨。)
The boy [always] kicked the dog [with his feet]. (这男孩老是用脚踢那只狗。)
He has [never] bought me a toy [since last year]. (从去年起他没给我买过一个玩具。)
He felt something (cold)
4、英语词类与句子成分关系图:
[注释] 1、“√”表示某种词类可以充当某个成分, “√√”表示某种词类经常充当某个成分, “√√√”表示某种词类最经常充当某个成分。 “×”表示某种词类不能充当某个成分。
2、“ * ”表示该成分可以由从句充当,如主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等。
句子成分 词类或短语 | 主语* | 谓语 | 宾语* | 表语* | 定语* | 状语* | 宾语 补足语 | |
名词 | √√√ | × | √√√ | √√ | √ | × | √ | |
代词 | √√√ | × | √√√ | √√ | √√ | × | × | |
形容词 | × | × | × | √√√ | √√√ | × | √√ | |
数词 | √ | × | √ | √ | √√√ | × | √ | |
动 词 | 时态语态形式 | × | √√√ | × | × | × | × | × |
动词不定式 | √√ | × | √√ | √ | √ | √√ | √√√ | |
动名词 | √√ | × | √√√ | √ | √ | × | × | |
动词现在分词 | × | × | × | √ | √ | √√ | √√√ | |
动词过去分词 | × | × | × | √ | √ | √√ | √√ | |
副词 | × | × | × | √ | √ | √√√ | √ | |
介词短语 | × | × | × | √√ | √ | √√ | √ |