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全国甲卷
适用地区：广西、贵州、四川、西藏
语文
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
全国甲卷语文试题
一、现代文阅读（36分）
（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）
阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
随着中国考古学的飞速发展，考古资料得以大量积累，考古学文化时空框架体系基本建立，多学科合作日益深入，各种专题研究广泛展开。“考古写史”在中国已经取得巨大成就，获得诸多具有突破性和填补空白意义的成绩，中国考古学证明了自身的价值，尤其是在上古史构建方面展现了广阔前景。
从考古发现来看，考古学提供了传统历史学不可想象的新发现、新材料，呈现出不同时期的古代物质文化面貌、古人日常生产生活状态以及各地的文明化进程等，如不同区域新石器时代晚期大型聚落遗址、大型公共建筑、大型墓葬、水利设施、手工业作坊，以及象征王权、神权、军权和复杂礼制出现的精美玉器、陶器、漆器、象牙器等。
从重构上古史体系角度看，20世纪70—80年代，夏鼐、苏秉琦等系统地构建了新石器与夏商周三代时期的考古学文化区系类型时空框架体系。苏秉琦在新石器时代考古学文化区系类型基础上提出“满天星斗”“多元一体”和“古国—方国—帝国”等关于中国上古史的历史叙述体系。严文明提出“重瓣花朵”模式，在承认多区域文化共存的文化多元性的同时，强调中原文化区“联系各文化区的核心作用”。张光直认为各地区文化多元发展并通过彼此之间的密切交流而形成一个“中国相互作用圈”。
从二里头文化、二里岗文化到殷墟考古学文化、周代考古学文化，考古学不仅展现了不同于传统文献记载的这一时期文化、科技、礼制等众多方面从发展到成熟的历史脉络，而且填补了诸多传统历史学的空白，如四川的三星堆—金沙文化、江西的吴城文化、两周时期的曾国与中山国历史，等等。
这些成果证明考古学完全有能力担当重写中国上古史的重任，并且已经初步形成具有自身特色的上古史叙述与解释体系，超越了传统的具有传说性质的三皇五帝体系和存在争议的夏商周三代古史体系，正如习近平总书记所说：“经过几代考古人接续奋斗，我国考古工作取得了重大成就，延伸了历史轴线，增强了历史信度，丰富了历史内涵，活化了历史场景。”
学界一直存在着“证经补史”的传统史学思路，试图将考古学文化体系纳入三皇五帝的古史框架体系之中，似乎中国考古学如果没有发现并证明三皇五帝与夏商周，就没有价值和意义，但研究实践告诉我们：这种传统治史思路影响了中国考古学的视野和思维方式，限制了考古学在重构中国上古史中的作用。比如，考古发现与研究显示，二里头遗址和二里头文化在东亚地区的文明形成与发展中占据了关键性地位，奠定了中国独特的礼乐文化传统的基础，在人类文明史上具有世界性的标志意义，尽管二里头遗址是否就是文献记载中的夏都所在地，在学术界仍有争议。我们对二里头遗址与二里头文化应该开展扎实的田野工作并展开全方位的考古学研究与阐释，而不是将主要目标集中于它是否是文献记载中的“夏”,并为此争论不休。
（摘编自徐良高《以考古学构建中国上古史》
1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分）
A．考古学者对新石器时代的考古，更侧重发掘能体现古代物质文化面貌的大型遗址。
B．考古发现可以为有文献记载的历史提供参考、印证和补充，让历史的内涵更丰富。
C．考古证明，“证经补史”的传统史学思路，很难为中国上古史提供叙述与解释体系。
D．二里头遗址是否就是文献记载中的夏都无关紧要，紧要的是开展更为扎实的研究。
2．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分）
A．文章开宗明义，然后从不同角度论述中国考古学能担当重写中国上古史的重任。
B．文章在展开论述时，注重将传统历史学作为参照，用以凸显考古学的独特价值。
C．第二段和第四段列举诸多考古发现，是为了证明考古学具有延伸历史轴线的功能。
D．第三段介绍多种学术观点，展示了考古学在上古史体系构建方面取得的丰硕成果。
3．根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是（3分）
A．出土的精美玉器、陶器、漆器、象牙器等，能为其所属时期的文明化进程提供佐证。
B．中国考古学的众多研究成果证明，“三皇五帝”只是神话传说，而非实有其人。
C．在二里头遗址和二里头文化中，已经发现了有关中华文明礼乐文化的信息。
D．“考古写史”立足于考古发现，与以文献为本位的“证经补史”研究路径不同。
（二）实用类文本阅读（本题共3小题，12分）
阅读下面的文字，完成4～6题。
根据《杜登德语辞典》，“语言”是一种人类自我表达的能力。如此看来，只有我们人类可以说话，但是如果我们可以知道树木是否也会自我表达，这不是很有趣吗？那么树木会如何“说话”呢？我们当然不可能听得见，因为它们肯定是静悄悄的，那些强风刮过时枝丫摇摆的嘎嘎声，以及轻风拂面时叶片婆娑的簌簌声，都是被动发出的。不过它们确实以另一种方式沟通：通过气味。在非洲大陆的莽原上，金合欢树是长颈鹿的珍馐，为了摆脱这种草食性的庞然大物，金合欢树短短几分钟内就可以在叶子里散布毒素。长颈鹿便会转移到其他树木那里。是旁边的树吗？不。它们会避开邻近的树木，然后在大约100米开外的金合欢树那里重新开始大快朵颐。因为被啃食的金合欢树会施放一种警示气体，向邻近的同伴传递不速之客来袭的信息。所有得到警讯的树木会立即分泌毒素来回应。长颈鹿因为知道金合欢树的这个把戏，所以会走远一些，以寻找那些尚未知情的树木。又或者它们会逆风而行，因为气味信息是顺着风向其他树木传送的。
这样的防卫行为自然需要时间，所以早期预警阶段的工作如何协调就具有决定性的意义。对此，树木当然不能只依赖空气，它也通过根部来传送信息。一棵树的根可以蔓延得很广，其距离大过树冠宽度的两倍，因此在地底下会与周遭树木的根交错而产生联系。但也有偶然情形，因为森林里也有独行侠，一点也不想与别人有任何瓜葛。所以有没有可能因为这些家伙的不合群，而导致警示信息被阻断呢？幸好不会。树木为了确保信息能够快速传递，多数情况下都会以真菌为媒介，其作用就像网络光纤那样，纤细的菌丝密布在土壤中，并以我们无法想象的密度交织成网络，借助其网络，真菌可以把从某棵树得到的信号继续传递下去，帮助它们交换害虫、干旱或其他危险消息。在共同的生存空间里，可能森林里所有的植物都会以这种方式进行交流。但我们若踏入田野，就会发现所有的绿色植物都很沉默。这是因为人工栽培的植物在育种繁殖的过程中，大多已经失去这种在地面或地下进行沟通的能力。它们几乎是又聋又哑，因此特别容易成为昆虫的猎物。而这自然也是现代农业必须使用这么多农药的原因之一，或许今后育种专家应该要多多少少再从森林里“剽窃”一点野性基因，例如把“多嘴”这个属性加入谷物及马铃薯的品种里。
虽然我一开始时说过树木是静悄悄的，但这点从最新的发现来看却值得质疑。一些研究人员想测试地底下是不是可以听到什么声音，不过要想把树木带进实验室里有点不切实际，因此他们观察的对象是谷物幼苗。果不其然！仪器很快就记录到了由根部发出的轻响，频率约220赫兹。而且有趣的是没有参与实验的幼苗对它也会起反应——在播放着频率约220赫兹声响的环境里，这些幼苗的顶端总会往声源方向生长，这意味着禾本科草类可以察觉到，或是干脆直接说“听到”这个频率。所以，植物可以通过声波来交换信息？我还没想过这可能代表着什么，因为这一领域的研究才刚刚起步。不过下次当你漫步在森林里，那些林间传来的窸窣细响，说不定不只是因为风……
（摘编自彼得·渥雷本《树的秘密生命》，钟宝珍译）
4．下列对原文相关内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分）
A．叶片婆娑的簌簌声以及谷物幼苗根部发出的轻响，都属于植物被动发出的声音，而并非是它们在通过声波交换信息。
B．当金合欢树被长颈鹿啃食时，它既会分泌出毒素进行自我防卫，也能够通过施放气体向邻近的其他树木发出警告。
C．树木凭借流动的空气可以做到早期的预警，但是这种预警需要的时间较长，因此气味“语言”一般作为一种辅助手段。
D．森林中的独行侠由于失去了与其他植物进行沟通的能力，无法意识到步步逼近的灾难，因而终将沦为昆虫的大餐。
5．下列对原文相关内容的分析和评价，正确的一项是（3分）
A．作者认为，《杜登德语辞典》将“语言”定义为“一种人类自我表达的能力”并不全面，其实树木也可以通过特定的语言进行沟通。
B．下面的发现可以作为证明第一段中心观点的材料：当昆虫啃噬橡树时，橡树为了自救会把苦涩且具有毒性的单宁酸导入树皮与叶子中。
C．第二段中的“多嘴”以及第三段中的“听到”，这两处使用的引号有表示特殊含义的作用，这种用法与第一段中的“语言”具有明显的不同。
D．作者在介绍禾本科草类的科学实验和地下真菌网络时，都使用了打比方和举例子的说明方法，这使本文的内容更准确、更科学，也更具说服力。
6．与野生植物不同，人工栽培的植物要经常喷洒农药，这给我们带来哪些思考？（6分）
（三）文学类文本阅读（本题共3小题，15分）
阅读下面的文字，完成7～9题。
机械的诗——旅途随笔之一巴金
为了去看一个朋友，我做了一次新宁铁路上的旅客。三个朋友伴着我从会城到公益，我们在火车里大概坐了三个钟头。时间很长，天气很热，但是我并不觉得寂寞。
南国的风物含有一种迷人的力量。在我的眼里一切都显出一种梦景般的美丽：那样茂盛的绿树，那样明亮的红土，那一块一块的稻田，那一堆一堆的房屋，还有明镜似的河水，高耸的碉楼，南国的乡村，虽然这里面包含了不少的痛苦，但在表面上它们究竟是很平静，很美丽的！
到了潭江，火车停住了。车轮没有动，而外面的景物却开始在慢慢地移动。这不是什么奇迹。这是新宁铁路中的一段最美丽的工程。这里没有桥，火车驶上了渡江的轮船，就停留在那上面，让轮船载着它慢慢地渡过江去。
我下了车，把脚踏在坚实的铁板上。船身并不小，甲板上铺着铁轨，火车就躺在那上面喘气，左边有卖饮食的货摊，许多人围在那里谈笑。我一面走，一面看。我走过火车头面前，到了右边。
船上有不少工人，朋友告诉我在这船上做工的人数目在一百以上。我似乎没有看见这许多。有些工人在抬铁链，有几个工人在管机械。
在每一副机械的旁边至少站得有一个穿香云纱衫裤的工人。他们管理机械，指挥轮船向前进。
看着这些站在机械旁边的工人的昂头自如的神情，我不禁从心底生出了感动。
四周是平静的白水，远处有树有屋。江面很宽。在这样的背景里显出了管理机械的工人的雄姿。机械有规律地响着，火车爬在那里像一条被人制服了的猛蛇。
我看着这一切，在我的心里开始发生了对于这些工人的羡慕。我感到了一种诗情。我仿佛读了一首真的诗。于是一种喜悦的、差不多使得我的心战抖的感情抓住了我。这机械的诗的动人的力量，比任何诗人的作品都要大得多。
一般人以为只有“月夜”“花朝”“青山”“绿水”“爱情”一类的东西才是诗的材料，把诗人当作很sentimental（感伤的、多愁善感的）的人。其实他们完全不懂得诗。诗应该给人以创造的喜悦，诗应该散布生命。
我不是诗人，但我却相信真正的诗人一定认识机械的力量，机械工作的灵妙，机械运动的优雅，机械制造的完备。机械是创造的，生产的，完美的，有力的。只有机械的诗才能够给人以一种创造的喜悦。
那些工人，那些管理机械、指挥轮船、把千百个把许多辆列车载过潭江的工人，当他们站在铁板上面，机械旁边，一面管理机械，一面望那白茫茫的江面，看见轮船慢慢地逼近岸边的时候，他们心里的感觉，如果有人能够真实地写出来，一定是一首好诗。
我在上海常常看见一些大厦的建筑。打桩的时候，许多人都围在那里看。那有力的机械从高处把一根又高又粗的木桩打进土地里面去，一下，一下，声音和动作都是有规律的。它们继续下去，很快地就把木桩完全打进去了。四周的旁观者的脸上都浮出了惊奇的微笑。土地是平的，木头完全埋在地底下了。这似乎是不可信的奇迹。机械完成了奇迹，给了每个人以一种喜悦。这种喜悦的感情，也就是诗的感情。我每次看见工人建筑房屋，就仿佛读一首好诗。
一九三三，六月十日在广州
（有删改）
7．下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（3分）
A．作者在写南国的风物时，用了“那赏读巴金的散文一块一块的稻田”“那一堆一堆的房屋”等，语言的节奏感符合火车行进时的动态感。
B．作者认为车过潭江的部分是“新宁铁路中的一段最美丽的工程”，既在于这里风景的优美，更在于工程体现了机械的诗意。
C．作者认为如果只把“月夜”“花朝”“青山”一类的东西当作写诗的材料，其实是不懂诗，依据是这些材料本身缺乏生命力。
D．“诗应该给人以创造的喜悦，诗应该散布生命”是作者对诗的认识，也是他认为机械具有诗意的一个重要前提。
8．本文在写“机械的诗”时一再写到工人，请简要分析二者之间的内在联系。（6分）
9．这篇随笔的最后一段跳转到作者在上海的生活见闻，这样写有什么好处？请结合文本简要分析。（6分）
二、古代诗文阅读（34分）
（一）文言文阅读（本题共4小题，19分）
阅读下面的文言文，完成10～13题。
周尧卿，字子余。其先汝阴人。尧卿警悟强记，七岁善赋诗，弱冠以学行知名。天圣二年登进士第，积官至太常博士、通判饶州。卒，年五十三。有文集二十卷，《诗》《春秋》说各三十卷。尧卿十二丧父，忧戚如成人，见母氏则抑情忍哀，不欲伤其意。母异之谓族人曰是儿爱我如此多知孝养我矣。卒能孝养，志如母之言。其于昆弟，尤笃有爱。执母丧，待庐三年，席薪枕块，虽疾病不饮酒食肉。或勉之以礼，曰：“《礼》‘老病不止酒肉’，意或不胜丧耳。病且未老，忍及此耶？”葬之先期，躬自负土。有告之曰：“古之贫无以葬者或然，今子何自苦？”泫然流涕曰：“过是，虽欲竭力，复可得乎？”尧卿为人简重不校，有慢己者，必厚为礼以愧之。居官禄虽薄，赒宗族朋友，罄而后已。所至称治，民有去思。尝知汀州宁化县，提点刑狱杨统入境，微伺刺史善否，有被刑而耘苗者，统就询其故。对曰：“贫以利故，为人直其枉，令不可欺，而我欺之，我又何怨？”统至邑，不复他察，第以所闻荐之。庆历间，范仲淹举经行可为师表，未及用而卒。尧卿之学，不惑传注，问辨思索，以通为期。其学《诗》，以孔子所谓“《诗》三百，一言以蔽之，曰思无邪”，孟子所谓“说《诗》者，以意逆志，是谓得之”。考经指归，而见毛、郑之得失，曰：“毛之《传》欲简，或寡于义理，非‘一言以蔽之’者也。《笺》欲详，或远于情性，非‘以意逆志’者也。是可以无去取乎？”其学《春秋》，曰：“左氏记之详，得经之所以书者。”至三传之异同，均有所不取，曰：“圣人之意，岂二致邪？”欧阳修以文表其墓曰：“若周君者，事生尽孝，居丧尽哀，而以礼者也。君学长于毛、郑《诗》，《左氏春秋》。”
（节选自《隆平集·儒学行义》
10．文中画波浪线的部分有三处需要断句，请用铅笔将答题卡上相应位置的答案标号涂黑，每涂对一处给1分，涂黑超过三处不给分。（3分）
母异A之B谓C回族人日D是儿E爱我F如此G多H知孝养我矣。
11．下列对文中加点的词语及相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）
A．席薪枕块，文中指居丧时睡在柴草上，枕在土块上，以表示悲伤哀苦之意。
B．何怨，怨恨什么。“多歧路，今安在”中“安在”表示在哪里，两者结构相同。
C．蔽，有涵盖、概括之义。文中“一言以蔽之”意思是用一句话来概括《诗经》。
D．逆，意为揣度、预料。与《送东阳马生序》中“寓逆旅”的“逆”意义相同。
12．下列对原文有关内容的概述，不正确的一项是（3分）
A．周尧卿从小聪明懂事，十二岁时父亲去世，他虽然年幼，但忧伤悲痛如同成年人。见到母亲则能抑制住自己的情感，强忍哀痛，唯恐让母亲伤心。
B．周尧卿为人简朴持重，不喜计较，对于不如自已的人，他会郑重地以礼相待，让对方产生羞愧之心：虽然俸禄不多，但周济宗族朋友，直到用完为止。
C．周尧卿为学注重独立思考，不迷信古人传注，而以通达文义为目的，他认为解释《诗经》的《传》《笺》各有得失，学习时应当加以分辨。
D．周尧卿学问品行俱佳，得到当世名臣范仲淹和欧阳修嘉许。范仲淹曾举荐他，但未及任用，他就去世了：欧阳修为他的墓碑撰文，对他褒扬有加。
13．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）
（1）泫然流涕日：“过是，虽欲竭力，复可得乎？”
（2）统至邑，不复他察，第以所闻荐之。
（二）古代诗歌阅读（本题共2小题，9分）
阅读下面这首宋词，完成14～15题。
临江仙
晁补之
身外闲愁空满眼，就中欢事常稀。明年应赋送君诗。试从今夜数，相会几多时。
浅酒欲邀谁共劝，深情唯有君知。东溪春近好同归。柳垂江上影，梅谢雪中枝。
14．下列对这首词的理解和赏析，不正确的一项是（3分）
A．这首词真实描写了送别的场景，充分地表现出词人对朋友的眷恋之情。
B．词人时常感到缺乏快乐，而即将到来的离别又会强化这种愁闷的感受。
C．因不忍与朋友分别，词人更珍惜当下，数算还剩下多少时日可以相聚。
D，春天即将到来，词人希望与朋友同归东溪游览，共同欣赏春日的美景。
15．词的结尾两句被后代评论家称赞为“绝妙”，请简要分析其妙处。（6分）
（三）名篇名句默写（本题共1小题，6分）
16．补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。（6分）
（1）《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中记载，齐王接受邹忌的意见，广开言路。一开始有很多人进谏，以至“”；过了几个月后，则“”。
（2）鲍照曾以“对案不能食，拔剑击柱长叹息”表达内心愤懑，李白《行路难》中的两句诗“，”，描写相近动作，抒写近似心情。
（3）花和雪都是古诗词中常见的物象，古代诗人常常以雪喻花，或以花喻雪，比如“，”。
三、语言文字运用（20分）（本题共5小题，20分）
阅读下面的文字，完成17～21题。
事有凑巧，在不同的时间和不同的地方，我听见过三位老师讲“破釜沉舟”这个成语。
第一位教师是这样讲的：“‘破釜沉舟’表示坚决的意思。做事一定要坚决。无论做什么，只要是正当的、应该做的事，就必须抱定只许前进而不许后退、只许胜利而不许失败的决心，只有这样才能得到成功。如果（ ），工作还没开始就准备下失败的退路，那样一定不会成功。①当然， ②前进的目的必须正确。③在这一点上， ④我们不能跟古人相提并论。由于时代的局限，古人，尤其是封建统治阶级的人，做事的目的在今天看来很多是成问题的，下定决心做好事是应当的，如果坚决做坏事，那就不应当了。”
第二位教师是另一种讲法，他说：“‘釜’就是锅，‘舟’就是船。‘破’和‘沉’都是动词。‘破釜’是‘使釜破’的意思，也就是把锅砸碎；‘沉舟’是‘使舟沉’的意思，也就是把船凿沉。这样用法的动词叫作‘使动词’。同是做饭的工具，古代叫‘釜’，现代叫‘锅’；同是水上运输工具，古代叫‘舟’，现代叫‘船’；这是古今词汇的演变。像古代叫‘冠’，现代叫‘帽子’，古代叫‘履’，现代叫‘鞋’，都是这种情形。曹植《七步诗》里有‘豆在釜中泣’的句子，，这里的‘釜’和‘舟’跟‘破釜沉舟’里的‘釜’和‘舟’意思相同。”
第三位教师讲得比较简单，话说得比较少。他这样讲：“项羽渡河进攻秦朝的军队，渡河之后，把造饭的锅砸碎，把船凿沉，断了自己的退路，以示有进无退的决心，终于把秦军打败了。后来大家就用‘破釜沉舟’这个成语表示下定最大的决心，不顾任何牺牲的意思。”
17．将下列俗语填入文中括号内，恰当的一项是（3分）
A．干打雷不下雨 B．又吃鱼又嫌腥
C．前怕狼后怕虎 D．首尾不能兼顾
18．文中画波浪线的语句中有一处表述不当，请标出原句序号后再做修改，并使修改后的语句与上下文的衔接流畅自然。（3分）
19．请在横线处仿照上句补写恰当的句子，要求内容正确贴切，语意完整连贯。（3分）
20．三位教师的讲解各有不同，请任选二人，分别作出评论。要求每条评论不超过25个字，句子简洁流畅。（5分）
21．星球小学邀请你给学生讲解成语。请从下列三个成语中任选一个，借鉴第三位教师的讲解方法，拟出讲解要点。要求阐释准确，语言流畅，不超过60个字。（6分）
卧薪尝胆庖丁解牛一鼓作气
四、作文（60分）
22．阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。（60分）
人们因技术发展得以更好地掌控时间，但也有人因此成了时间的仆人。
这句话引发了你怎样的联想与思考？请写一篇文章。
要求：选准角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不得泄露个人信息；不少于800字。
数学
参考答案：
英语
2023年高考英语全国甲卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the book store B. In the register office C. In the dorm building
2.Whatis the weather like now?
A.Sunny B. Cloudy C. Rainy
3.What does the man want to do on the weekend?
A.Do some gardening B. Have a barbecue C. Go fishing
4.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Anew office B. A change oftheirjobs C. A former colleague
5.What do we know about Andrew?
A.He’s optimistic B. He’s active C. He’s shy
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5）
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6.Which of the following does the woman dislike?
A.The bedroom B. The sitting room C. The kitchen
7.What does the woman suggest they do next?
A.Goto another agency B. See some other flats C. Visit the neighbours
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8.Whatisthemendoing?
A.Heismakingaphonecall. B. He’schairingameeting.
C.He’s hostingaprogram
9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?
A.LackofmedicalsupportB.Inconvenienceofcommunication
B.Poortransportationsystem
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What position does theman apply for?
A.a sales person
B.anengineer
C.anaccountant
11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?
A.ThecompanycultureB. The freeaccommodations
C. Thecompetitivepay
12.Whatisdifficultforthementodealwith?
A.Interpersonalrelationships
B. Quality-quantitybalance
C.unplannedhappenings
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How does Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer ?
A.HopefulB.GratefulC. Doubtful
14.What was Robert like before he was 9 years old?
A.he had wild imaginationB. He enjoyed sports
C.He loved science
15.What did Robert's father do?
A.AteacherB. AcoachC. Alibrarian
16.What helped Robert become a writer?
A.Writing dailyB.Listening to stories C. Reading extensively
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskycompetitionheldin1986?
A.InMoscowB. In chelyabinsk C. InBerlin
18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?
A.Itinspired manyyoungmusicians
B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams
C.It was a life-changing experience
19.Which kind of music are the young players required to play?
A.Rock music B. Pop music C. Classical music
20.What does Maxim value most in young players’performance?
A.Expressiveness B. Smoothness C. Completeness
第二部分阅读理解(共两节 ,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B.C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of diningoptions. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eatingadventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary(烹饪的) experiences. I'sthe only Thair restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word's 50 best restaurants list. Head ChefDavid Thompson. Who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally know Thai chef lan Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modemcooking methods.
Bo. tan
Bo. tan has been makingwaves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots, yet still managesto add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues whoappreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry there's a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lately" Asia's 50 best restaurants" list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in thistwo-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan andhis staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
21. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?
A They adoptmodern cooking methodsB. They have branches in London.
C They have top - class chefs.D. They are based in hotels.
22. Which restaurant offers a large set menu?
A. Gaggan.B. Bo. Lan.C. Issaya Siamese Club.D. Nahm.
23. What is special about Gaggan?
A. It hires stafffrom India.B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes.D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
B
Teri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY ( do-ityourself). Skillde at putting up shelves and
piecing together furniture , she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six ,Teri,now 26 , accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with 5 inpocket money. She says:"I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with. painting the rooms and puttingdown the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work ,but I know he wasproud of my skills. "
Teri, who now rents ahouse with friends in W andsworth, South West London, says DIY also savesher from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期) comes to an end. She adds :" I've moved house manytimes and I always like to personalizemy room and put up pictures, So, it's been useful to know how tocover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out"
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over thecoming weeks, new research showsthat more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobsdone. The average spend per project will be around s 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve theircomfort while at home. T fth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIYhas traditionallybeen seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to" a dab hand" in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Teri's grandfather give her 5 a day?
A. For a birthday gift.B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects.D. Toencourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Teri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A. By making it look like before.B. By furnishingit herself.
C. By splittingthe rent with a roommate.D. By cancelingthe rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show?
A. It is becoming more costly.B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turninginto a seasonal industry.D. It is gaining popularity among females.
C
1 was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideasthat were new to me, so 1 spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me andbrought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophyfaster thanpeople who think they understand Foucault, Baudrllard, or Confucius better than you - and then try toexplain them.
EricWeiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened mylove for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner startseach chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames eachphilosopher's work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a readin which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understandingphilosophy ,is a book aboutlearning touse philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most importantphilosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) theirmessagesand adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, andaging. The invitation is clear: W-einerwants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. I'sworth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.
28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A. Foucault.B. Erie Weiner.C. Jostein GaarderD. A college teacher.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great works.
C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiners book.
30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.
31. What does the author think of Weiner's book?
A. Objectiveand plain.B. Daring andambitious.
C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward
D
Grizzlybears, which may grow to about 2. 5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and theiranswer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
" Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range," says bear biologist ChrisServheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century ormore, they're interestinglybeing sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S.was full of grizzlieswhen Europeanscame, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in theNorthern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2 ,000 or more grizzly bears in the U. s. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-listgrizzlies，which would loosenlegal protectionsand allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome , sometimeskillingfarm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from theiryards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing aroundchicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effectiveat getting grizzlies away.“Our hopeis to have a clean，attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits," saysJames Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
32. How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientificvalue.D. They are a symbol of American culture.
33. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A. The European settlers' behavior.B. The expansion of bears' range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.D. The support of Native Americans.
34. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from DE-listinggrizzlies?
A. The opposition of conservation groups.B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.D. The local farmers' advocates.
35. What can be inferredfrom the last paragraph?
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.D. Technology can be introducedto protectgrizzles.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do trafficjams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have incommon? There's one answer36 .
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips.However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are severaltricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressedand evenmore optimistic._37_. ” Showing thankfulness can foster selfcontrol," said Ye Li, researcher at the
University of California.
●Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most " feel good" option at the time, but psychologyresearch suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us toget into the habit of waiting is to practice38.Put off watching your favorite show until the weekendor wait 10 extra minutesbefore going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
●39
So many of us have the belief that being comfortableis the only state we will tolerate, and when weexperience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You shouldlearnto say to yourself," 40." You'll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They're all situations where we could use a littleextra patience
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题:每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first timewe41there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike42its way down the hill toward us.It was43called Mario, coming to44us a box containing some tomatoesand a bottle of wine.It was a very nice45for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were_46because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round,_ 47 things you get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it These can'tbe any48，wethought. But we were49his kindness, so we50them.
What we discovered is that it's_ 51 to judge what you cat only by its52. Those tomatoeshad53that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays super-market tomatoes54perfect but taste of water. Nobody'sgoing to have a .55memory of those. It'sa surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones so that they can56them easily. Mario's winemay have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was57
It's good to eat things at the correct time, when they're58and as close as possible to wherethey were59What Mario had60us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41. A. waitedB. metC. campedD. stayed
42. A. makingB. searchingC. squeezingD. feeling
43. A. customerB. NeighborC. relativeD. passenger
44. A. lendB. sendC. bringD. show
45. A. choice .B. commentC. promiseD. gesture
46. A. worriedB. movedC. thrilledD. bored
47. A. simpleB. realC. shinyD. fun
48. A. moreB. good .C. newD. easy
49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful forC. cautious aboutD. interested in
50. A. triedB. soldC. returnedD. mixed
51. A.UnnecessaryB. uncertainC. unwiseD. unusual
52. A. appearanceB. qualityC. originD. price
53. A. sizeB. shapeC. colorD. taste .
54. A. smellB. lookC. becomeD. work
55. A. happy .B. vividC. shortD. vague
56. A. cleanB. checkC. countD. pack
57. A perfectB. usefulC. convenient D. familiar
58. A. on viewB. on saleC. in season D. in need
59. A. finished B. storedC. foundD. grown
60. A. cookedB. givenC. boughtD. told
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)61( teach) a lesson or topass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures，and the well-known Aesop's fablesdatetothe62(six) century B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,63RachelCarson says in " A Fable for Tomorrow. "
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seeminglydirected at children. "There was once a town in the heart of America,64all life seemed to enjoypeaceful existencewith itssurroundings," her fable begins,_ 65 ( borrow) some familiarwords from manyage - old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message_ 66______( intend ) for everyone.
67( difference ) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of amoral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must takeresponsibility68saving their environment.
The themes of traditionalfables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson'stheme isa more weighty69( warn) about environmentaldestruction. Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passeddown throughthe ages can still70( employ ) today to draw attentiontoimportant truths.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分 35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修以你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及-个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一一个漏字符号( N),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限-词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I used to afraidof insects , but last Friday' s biology class make a big changein me. In that class , MissZhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. The bees, butterfly and many other insects lookedlovely and beautifully on thestamps. Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their livinghabits. She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. Now,I' ve cometo love those ofsmall living things. In the evening, when I take the walk in theschool garden，the singing of insects becomemore meaningful to me.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一-位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.人物简介及事迹;
2.意义或启示。
注意:1.词数100左右;2.题目已为你写好。.
2023年高考英语全国甲卷答案
一、听力
1--5BACCB6--10CBCBC11--15ACBBA16--20CACCA
阅读理解
A: 21-23 CBD
B: 24-27 CBAD
C: 28-31 CDBD
D: 32-35 ACAB
七选五GEBCF
完形填空
14-45 DABCD
46-50 ACBBA
51-55 CADBA
56-60 DACDB
语法填空
61.to teach 62.sixth 63.as 64.where 65.borrowing
66.intended 67.Different 68.for 69.warning 70.be employed
短文改错
1.to afraid - to be afraid
2.make - made
3.we - us
4.butterfly - butterflies
5.beautifully - beautiful
6.or - and
7.what - which
8.of删掉
9.the - a
10.become - becomes
文综
理综
化学：
物理：
生物：
答案：
