until the twentieth century
题目
Until the twentieth century cigarettes were not an important threat to public health.Men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars.Most women did not use tobacco at all.
The cigarette industry began in the 1870s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machine.This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly,and it reduced the price.
Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit.About forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of the adult women in the United States smoke cigarettes regularly.It is encouraging to note,however,that millions of people have given up the smoking habit.Seventy-five percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes at some time during their lives,but twenty-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking.The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing.
Men as a group smoke more than women.Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24-44.Income,education and occupation all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habits.City people smoke more cigarette than people living on farms.Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes.On the other hand,___________,he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.
The situation is somewhat(有点)different for women.There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups.These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.
Among teenagers the picture is similar.There are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income and well-educated families.High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who do not plan to continue their education after high school.Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.
小题1:How did men mainly use tobacco?(no more than 1 word)
In the form of ________________.
小题2:What were the results of the development of the manufacturing machine?(no more than 4 words)
More cigarettes are _________________________________________.
小题3:What are the three main factors closely related to one’s smoking habits?(no more than 4 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
小题4:Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases.(no more than 9 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Which kind of children is most likely to pick up the habit of smoking?(no more than 6 words)
Children __________________________________________ are most likely to smoke.
答案：
小题1:cigars
小题2:produced quickly and cheaply
小题3:Income,education and occupation.
小题4:if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes
小题5:whose parent or parents smoke
解析：
本问讲述了烟草行业的有关信息，讲述了世界烟草行业的发展历史，以及男性和女性在吸烟方面的具体情况，影响吸烟的因素等等。
小题1:cigars原词再现。根据第一段第2行Men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars.
小题2:produced quickly and cheaply细节题。根据第二段2,3行This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly,and it reduced the price。
小题3:Income,education and occupation.细节题。根据第四段2,3行Income,education and occupation all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habits.
小题4:if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes推理题。根据前一句Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes.说明接受良好教育的有较高收入的人比接受教育较少的人吸烟少。On the other hand说明存在着转折关系，故if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes说明如果教育良好的人一旦抽烟，就会抽得很多，很厉害。
小题5:whose parent or parents smoke推理题。根据文章最后一句Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.说明父母抽烟，孩子抽烟的可能性较大。
点评：本问讲述了烟草行业的有关信息，讲述了世界烟草行业的发展历史，以及男性和女性在吸烟方面的具体情况，影响吸烟的因素等等。以细节题和推理题的考查为主，要求考生能在仔细审题的基础上根据文章内容进行合理的判断推理和延伸，做出准确的判断。
